REPRODUCTION in plants
Jai
Grade 7, Science - Biology
Oct 13, 2025
Description:
Plant reproduction is how plants create new individuals, and it occurs through two main methods: sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction.Sexual Reproduction
Sexual reproduction involves the fusion of male and female gametes (sex cells), resulting in offspring that are genetically diverse from the parents.
Flowering Plants: The flower is the reproductive organ.
Pollination is the transfer of pollen (containing the male gamete) from the anther (male part) to the stigma (female part). This can be done by wind, water, or animals (like insects).
Fertilization occurs when the male gamete from the pollen grain fuses with the female gamete (egg) inside the ovule (in the ovary), forming a zygote.
The ovule then develops into a seed (containing the embryo), and the ovary develops into a fruit for seed dispersal.
Non-flowering Plants (like ferns and mosses) have more complex life cycles involving an alternation between spore-producing and gamete-producing generations.
Asexual Reproduction
Asexual reproduction involves only one parent and produces genetically identical offspring (clones). It does not require gametes or seeds.
Vegetative Propagation: New plants grow from a non-reproductive part of the parent plant, such as stems, roots, or leaves. Examples include:
Runners (e.g., strawberries)
Tubers (e.g., potatoes)
Bulbs (e.g., daffodils)
Other forms include fragmentation (a piece of the plant breaks off and grows into a new organism) and spore formation (e.g., in fungi and ferns).
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